In context of India, following things can be done.
All text books for all subjects must provide website/YouTube links at the end of the particular chapter for further understanding of topics. This will make studies more interesting and interactive.
Maths text books must provide more explanation like what is the history behind quadratic equations/complex numbers? Where are these things used in practical life? (Example- prime numbers are used in cyber security)
History textbooks need drastic change. Less emphasis should be given to mughal kings (India is the only country which praises it's conquerors. Left/congress propaganda). Neither should there over emphasis on Vedic ancient period (RSS/BJP propaganda). Instead more chapters of modern history be added. (Special mention of Indian soldiers contribution and sacrifice in World War I and II.). The modern history should not just stop at the period of independence but go beyond that and mention all wars fought by India. The 1990s liberation of economy.
International geography should be in the form of geopolitics. (When I was in school, there were lessons like Brazil, Russia, South America etc. The questions asked in exams were like Describe the climate of Brazil (4 marks). How is this going to help. Most of us will never go to Brazil. Instead there should be lesson like India's relationship with Brazil. The two countries membership in international groupings like BRICS, IBSA etc).
The National/New Education policy has emphasized on coding for school children. (Private entities like WhiteHat Jr. have started making fool of innocent parents). How is coding going to be implemented in schools, I don't know. (But, first at basic level there can be introduction to all programming languages and their history. The explanation for difference between higher level languages and lower level languages, the difference between programming and script language. What does a compiler do? The next can be teaching of HTML, CSS and JavaScript which does not need maths. The actual program learning can be introduced in higher grades with algorithm and data structure.)
The school days should be so structured so that a half day class is arranged every weak which can be dedicated to other social activities like drama/dance/music/debates. There can be events arranged for career councilling, personality development, soft skills development. The particular day can also be used for guest lectures like a lecture on cyber security by a professional, a lecture of Intellectual property laws by a lawyer, a lecture on financial literacy by a banker etc. (There can also be special psychology classes on topics like positive thinking, IQ (logical reasoning), abstract/creative thinking, emotional intelligence, personality traits and psychometric tests like word association, thematic apperception).
The standard of teaching can
be enhanced by having a competitive exams for teachers.
Finally, it is to be understood that true knowledge cannot be taught or shared. It is mostly confidential or IP law protected. What is the Indian government stand of IP laws? The western style IP laws are not suitable for India (which will create great educational divide in India).
The government should find other ways to uplift lower sections of society instead of reservation. There can be other ways like giving grace marks, special free tuitions/classes for students from lower sections.